GOST 5812-2014 Railway Spikes. General Specifications

GOST 5812-2014

Interstate Standard

Railway Spikes

General Specifications

Fastening for railways. General technical specifications

ICS 45.080

Effective date — 2015-03-01

Foreword

The objectives, basic principles and general rules for interstate standardization work are established by GOST 1.0 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions” and GOST 1.2 “Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, adoption, updating and withdrawal”

Information about the standard

2 SUBMITTED by Interstate Technical Committee for Standardization MTK 524 “Railway Transport”

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (minutes dated June 25, 2014, No. 45)

The following voted in favor of adoption of the standard:

Short name of the country according to MC (ISO 3166) 004-97	Country code according to MC (ISO 3166) 004-97	Abbreviated name of the national standardization body
Armenia	AM	Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Armenia
Belarus	BY	Gosstandart of the Republic of Belarus
Kyrgyzstan	KG	Kyrgyzstandart
Russia	RU	Rosstandart
Tajikistan	TJ	Tajikstandart
Ukraine	UA	Ministry of Economic Development of Ukraine

4 By Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated October 30, 2014, No. 1469-st, the interstate standard GOST 5812-2014 was put into effect as the national standard of the Russian Federation on March 1, 2015.

5 REPLACES GOST 5812-82

6 REISSUE. September 2019.

Information on the entry into force (or termination) of this standard and amendments thereto in the territory of the above-mentioned states is published in the indexes of national standards issued in these states, as well as on the Internet websites of the relevant national standardization bodies.

If this standard is revised, amended or cancelled, the relevant information will be published on the official website of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification in the “Interstate Standards” catalogue.

1 Scope

This standard applies to railway spikes (hereinafter — spikes) used for fastening metal tie plates or rails to wooden sleepers in rail fastening systems. It establishes technical requirements and test methods.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 15.309-98 System for product development and production start-up. Testing and acceptance of manufactured products. Basic provisions

GOST 162 Depth vernier calipers. Specifications

GOST 164 Vernier height gauges. Specifications

GOST 166 (ISO 3599-76) Vernier callipers. Technical specifications

GOST 380 Common quality carbon steel. Grades

GOST 535 Rolled bars and shapes of common quality carbon steel. General specifications

GOST 14019 (ISO 7438:1985) Metallic materials. Bend test methods

GOST 14192 Marking of cargo

GOST 15102 Universal closed metal container with nominal gross mass of 5.0 t. Specifications

GOST 15150 Machines, instruments and other industrial products. Versions for various climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions as regards the effect of climatic environmental factors

GOST 18321-73 Statistical quality control. Methods of random sampling of unit production items

GOST 20435 Universal closed metal container with nominal gross mass of 3.0 t. Specifications

GOST 22225 Universal containers with gross mass of 0.625 and 1.25 t. Specifications

GOST 26653 Preparation of general cargo for transportation. General requirements

Note — When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the referenced standards and classifiers on the official website of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification or using the indexes of national standards published in the states listed in the foreword, or on the official websites of the relevant national standardization bodies. If an undated reference is given, the document in force at the current time, including all amendments made to it, should be used. If a referenced document given with a dated reference has been replaced, the specified version of that document should be used. If, after the adoption of this standard, an amendment affecting a provision to which a dated reference is made is introduced into the referenced document, that provision applies without regard to that amendment. If a document is cancelled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent not affected by that reference.

3 Terms and definitions

This standard uses the following terms with corresponding definitions:

3.1 track spike: A rod of square cross-section with a special head and an end chamfered on two sides, intended for fastening metal tie plates or rails to wooden sleepers in rail fastening systems;

3.2 upsetting cracks: Cracks that form during bulk (die) forging;

3.3 owner of railway transport infrastructure: A legal entity or individual entrepreneur that owns, or holds other title to, public railway transport infrastructure and provides services for its use under a contract.

4 Classification, basic parameters and dimensions

4.1 Spikes are classified by type:

• spikes for standard-gauge railways, 1520 mm;
• spikes for narrow-gauge railways, 750 mm.

4.2 The design and dimensions of spikes for standard-gauge railways shall conform to those shown in Figure 1 (version 1).

The design and dimensions of spikes for narrow-gauge railways shall conform to those shown in Figure 1 (versions 2 and 3).

Type 1

---

• Dimensions are not checked on finished products; they are given for tooling manufacture with tolerance limits.

** Dimensions for reference.

*** Dimensions, including those subject to control when confirming minimum necessary safety requirements.

Figure 1, sheet 1 — Spike design and dimensions

Type 2

---

• Dimensions are not checked on finished products; they are given for tooling manufacture with tolerance limits.

** Dimensions for reference.

*** Dimensions, including those subject to control when confirming minimum necessary safety requirements.

Figure 1, sheet 2

Type 3

---

• Dimensions are not checked on finished products; they are given for tooling manufacture with tolerance limits.

** Dimensions for reference.

*** Dimensions, including those subject to control when confirming minimum necessary safety requirements.

Figure 1, sheet 3

Example of designation for a spike with a 16 mm cross-section and 165 mm length:

Spike 16x165 GOST 5812-2014.

4.3 Version 1 spikes may be manufactured with lengths of 205, 230 and 280 mm. In this case, the spike length is specified in the order.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Basic characteristics, material requirements

5.1.1 Spikes shall be made of St3 or St4 steel per GOST 380.

5.1.2 The surface of spikes may have metallurgical manufacturing defects per GOST 535 for group 2GP rolled products, rolled-in scale, and upsetting cracks on the back of the spike head with a depth of no more than 0.5 mm.

5.1.3 The surface of the spike head shall not have burrs or metal overflow higher than 1.5 mm. The height of metal folds under the spike head shall not exceed 2 mm.

5.1.4 A process mark from the die ejector hole is allowed on one side of the spike shank.

5.1.5 The spike shank shall not have burrs higher than 2.5 mm or thicker than 1 mm.

5.1.6 The blade thickness of the pointed part of the spike shall not exceed 2 mm. The offset of the pointed part relative to the shank axis shall be no more than 1.5 mm.

5.1.7 Eccentricity of the head relative to the shank shall be no more than 2 mm.

5.1.8 Spikes shall withstand a tensile test load of 49 kN (5 tf) for spikes with a 16x16 mm cross-section, 40 kN (4 tf) for spikes with a 14x14 mm cross-section, and 30 kN (3 tf) for spikes with a 12x12 mm cross-section, without failure of the head-to-shank connection and without shearing of the lateral surfaces of the head.

5.1.9 Spikes shall be subjected to a cold bend test and shall withstand bending through an angle of 45° (outer) without signs of tears or cracks.

5.1.10 The theoretical mass of spikes is given in Appendix A.

5.2 Marking

Marking containing the trademark or code designation of the manufacturer shall be stamped on the end face of each spike’s head. For extended version 1 spikes, additional notches shall be applied to the head:

one — on spikes 230 mm long;

two — on spikes 205 mm long;

three — on spikes 280 mm long.

5.3 Packaging

When spikes are transported in containers, package marking shall be per GOST 14192.

6 Acceptance rules

6.1 Test categories

6.1.1 To verify that spikes comply with the requirements of this standard, the following tests are performed:

• acceptance tests;
• type tests.

6.1.2 Acceptance of spikes is performed by the manufacturer’s quality control department. Acceptance is based on the results of acceptance tests.

Acceptance tests are performed in accordance with GOST 15.309. Spikes accepted by the manufacturer’s quality control department are presented for acceptance inspection to the customer’s representative upon request.

The results of spike acceptance are kept at the manufacturer for at least three years from the date of manufacture.

6.2 Acceptance tests

6.2.1 Acceptance tests of spikes are performed in lots. A lot shall consist of spikes of one version, made of a single steel grade using a single process, and presented for acceptance under a single document. The lot size shall not exceed 20,000 pcs.

To check the quality of spikes by blind random sampling per GOST 18321-73 (subsection 3.4), the following are sampled from the lot:

• for checking the appearance, surface quality and dimensions of spikes (see 4.2, 5.1.2-5.1.7, 5.2) — 0.1% of each lot, but not less than 10 pcs.;
• for the bend and tensile tests (see 5.1.8, 5.1.9) — 8 pcs.

6.2.2 Shipped lots of spikes shall be accompanied by a quality passport specifying:

• the name or trademark of the manufacturer and its address;
• the spike designation;
• the lot number and mass;
• the steel grade;
• the acceptance results and information on the product’s fitness for its intended use.

Additional information not contradicting the requirements of the standard may be entered in the quality passport.

The quality passport must be signed by representatives of the quality control department.

6.2.3 The parameters and procedure for acceptance tests are given in Table 1.

Table 1 — Parameters and procedure for acceptance tests

Parameter checked	Subsection/clause of the standard containing the requirements checked during acceptance tests	Inspection method
1 Appearance	5.1.4	7.6
2 Dimensions	4.2, 4.3, 5.1.6, 5.1.7	7.1
3 Surface quality	5.1.2-5.1.5	7.2
4 Offset of the pointed part	5.1.6	7.3
5 Tensile tests	5.1.8	7.4
6 Bend test	5.1.9	7.5
7 Marking	5.2	7.6

6.3 Type tests

6.3.1 Type tests are performed in case of changes to the spike manufacturing process, as well as in case of changes to the materials used.

6.3.2 The procedure for type tests and evaluation of results is per GOST 15.309-98 (Appendix A).

7 Inspection methods

7.1 Control of spike dimensions (see 4.2, 4.3), the blade thickness of the pointed part (see 5.1.6) and the eccentricity of the head relative to the shank (see 5.1.7) is performed using a vernier caliper per GOST 166 or limit gauges.

7.3 The offset of the pointed part of the spike relative to the shank axis (see 5.1.6) is measured using a ShG-160 type depth vernier caliper per GOST 162 or a ShR-250-0.05 type vernier height gauge per GOST 164. The measurement scheme is shown in Figure 2.

1 — ShG-160 type depth vernier caliper; 2 — base

1 — ShR-250-0.05 type vernier height gauge; 2 — base

Figure 2 — Diagram for measuring offset of the sharpened end of the spike

7.4 The tensile test (see 5.1.8) shall be carried out in a fixture, the diagram of which is shown in Figure 3.

Note — Clamps of a tensile testing machine may be used instead of the lower part of the fixture.

Figure 3 — Diagram of the fixture for tensile testing of spikes

7.5 The bend test (see 5.1.9) shall be carried out in accordance with GOST 14019.

Note — Flaking of small flakes (scale) occurring during bending that does not take dimensions beyond the permissible deviations is not a rejection criterion.

7.6 Inspection for the presence of a technological mark from the die ejector hole (see 5.1.4) and the applied marking (see 5.2) shall be performed visually, without the use of magnifying devices.

7.7 For the purposes of mandatory conformity assessment, a sample shall be assembled from a batch that has passed acceptance testing by the “blind” selection method in accordance with GOST 18321-73 (subsection 3.4):

• for checking appearance, surface quality and dimensional inspection of spikes (see 4.2, 5.1.2-5.1.7, 5.2) — 0.1% of each batch, but not less than 5 pcs.;
• for bend and tensile testing (see 5.1.8, 5.1.9) — 4 pcs.

8 Transportation and storage

8.1 Spikes shall be transported by any mode of transport in compliance with the cargo transportation rules applicable to the respective mode of transport, taking into account full utilization of load capacity and the permissible overload in accordance with GOST 26653.

8.2 Spikes may be transported in closed universal metal containers with a nominal mass of 5.0 t in accordance with GOST 15102, closed universal metal containers with a nominal mass of 3.0 t in accordance with GOST 20435, universal containers with a mass of 0.625 and 1.25 t in accordance with GOST 22225, and specialized containers.

8.3 Spikes of different lengths and designs may be transported simultaneously, provided that their mixing is prevented.

8.4 Storage conditions for spikes — 6 in accordance with GOST 15150.

9 Manufacturer’s warranty

The warranty service life is not less than 100 million gross tons of traffic passed, but not more than three years from the date of installation in the track.

Appendix A (for reference). Theoretical mass of one spike

Table A.1 — Theoretical mass of one spike

Spike cross-section, mm	Spike length, mm	Theoretical mass, kg
16×16	165	0.378
	205	0.458
	230	0.509
	280	0.609
14x14	130	0.200
12x12	165	0.135