Bolt

A bolt is a fastener in the form of a rod with external thread along its full length or part of it. One end has a head for tightening the bolt with a wrench.

Used in all branches of industry, in construction, road works, furniture manufacturing, and agriculture.

Bolts are produced from plain carbon steel (uncoated) and with zinc coating (electroplated or hot-dip), in various product grades and property classes.

Main types of bolts by shape

• Standard — a part with a hexagon head tightened with a wrench.
• Fitted bolt — precision fastener with tight dimensional tolerances for building structures. The diameter of the smooth shank exceeds the diameter of the threaded end. The fastener is installed without clearance into a hole machined with a reamer and works in shear.
• Furniture bolt — a bolt with an undercut head for secure fixing when in contact with soft material.
• Eye Bolt — used in lifting equipment; instead of a head it has a ring for attaching parts.
• Toggle bolt — has an eye in the form of a loop, allowing the linkage to be adjusted when switching mechanisms.
• Foundation bolt (anchor bolt) — used for securely fastening machine tools, plumbing, and other equipment to the floor. Such a fastener must withstand three types of loads: crushing, pull-out, and shear. By design, anchor bolts are divided into: straight, bent, with an anchor plate, composite, and removable.

Installation

The bolt is passed through holes drilled in the parts being joined, and a nut is then screwed onto it. To prevent self-loosening, lock washers and cotter pins are installed.