GOST 9066-75 Studs for Flanged Connections With Medium Temperature from 0 to 650°C

Studs for flanged connections with medium temperature from 0 to 650°C. Types and main dimensions.

GOST 9066-75

STUDS FOR FLANGED CONNECTIONS WITH MEDIUM TEMPERATURE FROM 0 TO 650°C Types and main dimensions Studs for flanged connections with medium temperature from 0 to 650°C. Types and main dimensions	GOST 9066-75*Supersedes GOST 9066-69

Effective date — from 01.01.76. Validity period extended until 01.01.96 (Resolution of Gosstandart dated 27.12.85 No. 4667).

This standard applies to single-ended and double-ended studs for flanged connections of steam and gas turbines, steam boilers, pipelines and connecting parts, valves, instruments, apparatus and tanks with medium temperature from 0 to 650°C.

This standard does not apply to flanged connections of facilities under the jurisdiction of Gosgortekhnadzor of the USSR with nominal pressure P less than 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm²).

Studs are manufactured in the following types:

A — solid stud with equal nominal diameters of thread and plain section, for flanged connections of steam boiler pipelines, steam and gas turbines, valves, instruments and tanks with metal temperature ≤300°C;

B — solid stud with nominal thread diameter greater than the nominal diameter of the plain section, for flanged connections of turbines, pipelines and connecting parts of steam boilers, steam and gas turbines, valves, instruments, apparatus and tanks with metal temperature above 300°C;

C — stud with an axial hole throughout its length, with thread diameter greater than the diameter of the plain section, with a square wrenching projection, tightened with heating; for the joints of steam and gas turbine cylinder casings, stop and control valves with controlled tightening and metal temperature from 0 to 650°C;

D — stud with an axial hole throughout its length, with thread diameter greater than the diameter of the plain section, with a cylindrical projection on the screwed-in end, tightened with heating; for the joints of steam and gas turbine cylinder casings, stop and control valves, valves and fittings with controlled tightening and metal temperature from 0 to 650°C;

E — stud with an axial hole throughout its length, with thread diameter greater than the diameter of the plain section, tightened with heating; for the joints of steam and gas turbine cylinder casings, pipelines and connecting parts, valves and fittings, stop and control valves with controlled tightening and metal temperature from 0 to 650°C.

Stud dimensions conform to Figures 1–3 and Tables 1, 2.

Type A Type B Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Type E

• Reference dimension.

Fig. 3

Table 1

mm

Nominal thread diameter d					10	12	16	20	(22)	24	(27)	30	36	42	48	(52)	56	(60)
Thread pitch		coarse			1.5	1.75	2	2.5		3		3.5	4	4.5	5		5.5
		fine			1.25		1.5			2			3				4
Diameter of plain section	for type A studs	d₁			As per GOST 1925.8-73 and GOST 19256-73.
	for type B, C, D, E studs	d₂ (tolerance per h12)		with coarse pitch	7.8	9.5	13	16	18	20	22	24	30	35	40	44	48	52
				with fine pitch	8	10	14	18	20	21	24	27	33	35	40	44	50	54
					-
Axial hole diameter d₃ for type C, D, E studs					-							10
Thread diameter of axial hole d₄ for type C, D, E studs					-							M12
Bore diameter of axial hole for type C, D, E studs			d₅s		-							13	17
			d₆		-
Cylindrical projection diameter d₇ for type D studs					-							24	30	34	39	43	48	52
Inscribed circle diameter d₈ for type C studs					-							14	20			25		30
Circumscribed circle diameter d₉ for type C studs					-							20	30			34		40
Transition radius R for type B, C, D, E studs					6				8				12
Axial hole bore depth h₁ for type C, D, E studs					-							7
Height of wrenching head h₂ for type C studs					-							12				15		20
Axial hole thread depth h₃ for type C, D, E studs					-							30
Width across flats for type C studs			S (tolerance per h12)		-							13	22			27		32
Length of threaded end b₁			nom.		15	18	22	28	30	35	38	42	50	58	65	70	75	80
			tolerance		+1.8	+2.1		+2.5				+3.0					+4.0
Height of cylindrical projection l₂ for type D studs			when thread is cut		-							15					25
			when thread is rolled		-
Head height l₃ for type C studs					-							45	55	65	70		75	85

Continued

mm

Nominal thread diameter d						64	(68)		72		(76)		80		90		100		110		(120)		125		140		160
Thread pitch		coarse				6
		fine				4			4 and 6
Diameter of plain section	for type A studs	D₁				As per GOST 19268-73 and GOST 19256-73
	for type B, C, D, E studs	d₂ (tolerance per h12)			with coarse pitch	54	56
					with fine pitch	58	62		66		70		74		84		94		104		114		119		134		154
						-			64		68		72		80		92		102		112		116		132		152
Axial hole diameter d₃ for type C, D, E studs						10 and 20					20										36
Thread diameter of axial hole d₄ for type C, D, E studs						M12 and M24					M24										M42
Bore diameter of axial hole for type C, D, E studs			d₅			17 and 32					32										54
			d₆			-					40										85
Cylindrical projection diameter d₇ for type D studs						56	60		64		68		72		82		92		102		112		116		132		152
Inscribed circle diameter d₈ for type C studs						30			32		35				42		50				60				70		75
Circumscribed circle diameter d₉ for type C studs						40			45						58		70				80				95		100
Transition radius R for type B, C, D, E studs						12	16
Axial hole bore depth h₁ for type C, D, E studs						7					10										13
Height of wrenching head h₂ for type C studs						20					25				30				35		40						50
Axial hole thread depth h₃ for type C, D, E studs						30 and 50					50										75
Width across flats for type C studs				S (tolerance per h12)		32			36						46		55				65				75		80
Length of threaded end b₁				nom.		90		95		100		105		110		125		135		150		160		170		190		220
				tolerance		+4.0
Height of cylindrical projection l₂ for type D studs				when thread is cut		25
				when thread is rolled		-					35								40
Head height l₃ for type C studs						90					100				115		120		135		145				160		180

Notes:

1. Studs with dimensions shown in parentheses should be avoided where possible.

2. The diameter of the plain section d₁ of type A studs with fine thread produced by rolling, at d>52 mm, shall be equal to the pitch diameter of the thread. The diameter of the plain section of type B, C, D and E studs may be made equal to the pitch diameter of the thread produced by rolling.

3. The dimensions of transition radii R and end chamfers do not apply to studs whose thread is produced by rolling.

4. The length of the screwed-in threaded end may be made equal to 1.6d or 1.8d on studs of all types.

5. On type D and E studs, the bore of the axial hole d₆ may be omitted; in this case, on type D studs the cylindrical projection may be made with height l₂ equal to twice the thread pitch.

6. On type C, D and E studs, the axial hole may be made with diameter d₃ equal to 6.7 mm for M30 and M36 studs and 8.5 mm for M42 and M48 studs; the dimensions of the eye bolt socket are per GOST 4751-73.

7. The diameter d₇ may be reduced by the amount of the thread pitch.

8. For type C, D and E studs with a nominal thread diameter up to M60, the axial hole d₃ and the eye bolt socket may be omitted.

9. Unspecified dimensional tolerances: H14, h14, ± per GOST 25670-83.

Table 2

mm

Stud length L (tolerance per js16)	Nominal thread diameter, d
	10		12		16		20		(22)		24		(27)		30		36		42		48		(52)		56		(60)		64		(68)		72		(76)		80		100		110		(120)		125		140		160
	Length of threaded end, b
45	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
50	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
55	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
60	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
65	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		.		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
70	22	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
75	-	25		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
80	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
85	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
90	-	-		32		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
95	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
100	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		.		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
110	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
120	28	-		-		40		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
130	-	-		-		-		45		-		-				-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
140	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
150	-	30		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
160	-	-		-		-		-		48		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
170	-	-		-		-		-		-		55		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
180	-	-		40		-		-		-		-		60		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
190	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
200	-	-		-		48		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
210	-	-		-		-		52		-		-		-		70		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
220	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		75		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
230	-	-		-		-		-		58		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
240	-	-		-		-		-		-				-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
250	-	-		-		-		-		-		65		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
260	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
270	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		90		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
280	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
290	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		95		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
300	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		70		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
310	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		105		115		120		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
320	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		80		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
330	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		90		-		-		-		-		-		125		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
340	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		135		135		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
350	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		135		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
360	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-				-		-		-		-		-		-		-
370	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
380	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		105		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
390	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		100		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
400	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		115		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
410	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
420	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		120		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
430	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
440	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		105		-		-		-		125		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
450	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
460	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
470	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		120		-		-		-		135		135		135		145		-		-		-		-		-		-
480	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
490	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
500	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		130		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
510	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
520	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		145		145		-		-		-		-
530	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
540	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
550	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		135		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
560	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
570	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
580	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
590	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		145		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
600	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
610	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		175		175		-		-
620	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
630	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
640	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		155		155		155		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
650	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
660	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		165		165		165		-		-		210		240
670	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
680	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
690	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
700	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
710	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
720	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
730	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
740	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		165		165		165		175		175		210		240
750	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-

Notes:

1. Studs with dimensions shown in parentheses should be avoided where possible.

2. When using studs with a length exceeding 750 mm, the thread length of the studs shall conform to series Ra 40 of GOST 6636-69.

3. The length l of A2, B2, C, D and E2 studs exceeding 0.25d+b shall conform to series Ra 40 and the additional series of GOST 6636-69.

4. For type C, D and E studs, the length of the threaded end b may be reduced, but by no more than 0.25d.

5. The length of type A and B studs shall be selected so that the stud protrusion from a type A nut in the threaded joint is not less than the thread pitch, including the chamfer at the end of the stud.

Examples of designations:

Type A stud, version 1, with thread diameter 48 mm, coarse thread pitch 5 mm, tolerance class 6g, stud length 200 mm, threaded end length 90, made of steel grade EP182, category IV, quality group 2, without coating:

Stud AM48-6g×200.90.3U 182.IV.2 GOST 9066-75

Same, version 2, with fine thread pitch 3 mm, tolerance class 6g, screwed-in end length l₁=65 mm, threaded end length l₀=90 mm, vacuum-arc remelted, without coating:

Stud A2M48×3-6g×200 EP182-VD.III.2 GOST 9066-75

Same, made of steel 35, category II, quality group 3, with coating 02, thickness 9 µm:

Stud A2M48×3-6g×200 35.II.3.029 GOST 9066-75

Metric thread — per GOST 24705-81.

Stud weights are given in reference Appendices 1–7.

Technical requirements — per GOST 20700-75.

APPENDIX 1

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type A stud, versions 1 and 2, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	10	12	16	20	(22)	24	(27)	30	36	42	48	(52)
45	0.028
50	0.031
55	0.034	0.041
60	0.037	0.045
65	0.040	0.049
70	0.043	0.054	0.094
75	0.046	0.058	0.102
80	0.049	0.063	0.110
85	0.052	0.067	0.118	0.178
90	0.055	0.072	0.126	0.191
95	0.058	0.076	0.134	0.203	0.246
100	0.061	0.081	0.142	0.216	0.261
110	0.064	0.090	0.158	0.241	0.291	0.336
120	0.067	0.099	0.173	0.266	0.321	0.371	0.469
130	0.070	0.108	0.189	0.290	0.350	0.407	0.514	0.623
140	0.073	0.117	0.205	0.315	0.380	0.442	0.559	0.679
150	0.076	0.126	0.221	0.340	0.410	0.477	0.603	0.734	1.042
160		0.135	0.236	0.364	0.440	0.513	0.648	0.750	1.122	1.520
170		0.144	0.252	0.389	0.470	0.548	0.694	0.845	1.202	1.628
180		0.153	0.268	0.413	0.499	0.584	0.738	0.901	1.282	1.737
190		0.162	0.283	0.438	0.529	0.620	0.784	0.456	1.362	1.845
200	-	0.171	0.300	0.463	0.559	0.655	0.827	1.012	1.443	1.953	2.504
210	-	-	0.316	0.488	0.589	0.691	0.873	1.067	1.523	2.062	2.645
220	-	-	0.332	0.513	0.619	0.726	0.919	1.123	1.603	2.171	2.787	3.280
230	-	-	0.348	0.538	0.648	0.761	0.964	1.178	1.683	2.279	2.929	3.446
240	-	-	-	-	-	0.797	1.009	1.234	1.763	2.387	3.071	3.612
250	-	-	-	-	-	0.833	1.053	1.289	1.843	2.494	3.214	3.778
260	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.098	1.345	1.923	2.602	3.358	3.945
270	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.141	1.400	2.003	2.712	3.499	4.112
280	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.455	2.083	2.822	3.640	4.280
290	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.511	2.164	2.927	3.782	4.445
300	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.567	2.245	3.032	3.925	4.610
310	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.622	2.323	3.142	4.067	4.777
320	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.678	2.402	3.252	4.210	4.945
330	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.733	2.482	3.362	4.350	5.112
340	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.788	2.563	3.472	4.490	5.280
350	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.642	3.582	4.635	5.445
360	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.722	3.692	4.780	5.610
370	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.804	3.799	4.920	5.777
380	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.887	3.907	5.060	5.945
390	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.964	4.019	5.202	6.107
400	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.442	4.132	5.345	6.270
410	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.232	5.487	6.435
420	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.630	6.600
430	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.775	6.770
440	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.920	6.940
450	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.110
460	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.280
470	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.440
480												7.600
490												7.770
500												7.940
510												-
520												-
530												-
540												-
550												-
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750

Continued

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type A stud, versions 1 and 2, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250	4.332
260	4.525
270	4.717
280	4.910	5.620
290	5.105	5.842
300	5.300	6.065
310	5.492	6.287	7.120
320	5.685	6.510	7.370
330	5.877	6.730	7.625	8.620
340	6.070	6.950	7.880	8.910	9.960	12.097
350	6.262	7.175	8.130	9.190	10.270	12.453	13.811
360	6.455	7.400	8.380	9.470	10.580	12.809	14.206	17.978
370	6.647	7.620	8.635	9.760	10.900	13.165	14.600	18.478
380	6.840	7.840	8.890	10.050	11.220	13.520	14.995	18.978
390	7.035	8.065	9.140	10.330	11.540	13.876	15.389	19.478
400	7.230	8.290	9.390	10.610	11.870	14.232	15.784	19.977
410	7.420	8.510	9.645	10.900	12.080	14.588	16.177	20.475
420	7.610	8.730	9.900	11.190	12.300	14.944	16.573	20.975
430	7.810	8.950	10.150	11.470	12.720	15.299	16.968	21.471
440	8.010	9.170	10.410	11.750	13.140	15.655	17.362	21.974
450	8.200	9.390	10.660	12.040	13.460	16.011	17.757	22.473	27.742
460	8.390	9.610	10.910	12.330	13.780	16.367	18.152	22.972	28.359	34.316
470	8.580	10.060	11.160	12.600	14.100	16.723	18.546	23.472	28.976	35.062
480	8.770	10.280	11.420	12.880	14.420	17.078	18.941	23.971	29.592	35.808
490	8.965	10.510	11.670	13.170	14.740	17.434	19.335	24.471	30.208	36.554
500	9.160	10.730	11.930	13.460	15.060	17.790	19.730	24.970	30.825	37.300	44.390
510	9.350	10.960	12.170	13.750	15.380	18.146	20.125	25.469	31.442	38.046	45.278
520	9.540	11.180	12.420	14.040	15.700	18.502	20.519	25.969	32.058	38.792	46.166
530	-	11.410	12.680	14.320	16.010	18.857	20.914	26.468	32.674	39.538	47.053
540	-	11.610	12.940	14.600	16.320	19.213	21.308	26.968	33.291	40.286	4.7.941
550	-	-	13.190	14.890	16.65S	19.509	21.703	27.467	33.907	41.030	48.829
560	-	-	13.450	15.180	16.980	19.925	22.098	27.966	34.524	41.776	49.717
570			13.700	15.460	17.290	20.281	22.492	28.466	13.141	42.552	50.605
580			13.950	15.740	17.610	20.636	22.887	28.965	35.757	43.268	51.492
590			14.200	16.020	17.910	20.992	23.281	29.465	36.374	44.014	52.380
600			14.450	16.310	18.210	21.348	23.676	29.964	36.990	44.760	53.288	57.798	72.480	94.680
610			-	16.600	18.530,	21.704	24.071	30.463	37.606	45.506	54.156	57.761	93.688	96.258
620			-	16.890	18.860	22.060	24.466	30.963	38.223	46.252	55.044	59.725	74.896	97.836
630			-	17.160	19.180	22.415	24.860	31.462	38.840	46.998	55.931	60.688	76.104	99.414
640				17.440	19.510	22.771	25.254	31.962	39.456	47.774	56.819	61.651	77.312	100.992
650			-	17.740	19.830	23.127	25.649	32.461	40.072	48.490	57.707	62.614	78.520	102.570
660			-	-	20.160	23.483	26.044	32.960	40.689	49.236	58.595	63.578	79.728	104.148
670			-	-	20.480	23.839	26.438	33.460	41.306	49.982	59.483	64.541	80.936	105.728
680			-	-	20.810	24.194	26.833	33.959	41.922	50.728	60.370	65.504	82.144	10.304
690			-	-	-	24.560	27.227	34.459	42.538	51.474	61.258	66.468	83.359	108.882
700			-	-	-	24.906	27.622	34.958	43.155	52.220	62.146	67.431	84.560	110.460
710			-	-	-	-	-	35.457	43.772	52.966	63.034	68.394	85.768	112.038
720			-	-	-	-	-	3.5.957	44.388	53.712	63.922	69.358	86.976	113.616
730			-	-	-	-	-	36.456	45.004	54.458	64.809	70.321	88.184	115.194
740			-	-	-	-	-	36.956	45.621	55.204	65.697	71.284	89.392	116.772
750			-	-	-	-	-	37.455	46.238	55.950	66.585	72.248	90.600	118.350

APPENDIX 2

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type B stud, version 1, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	10	12	16	20	(22)	24	(27)	30	36	42	48	(52)
45	0.028	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50	0.030	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
55	0.031	0.040	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
60	0.033	0.044	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
65	0.036	0.048	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
70	0.038	0.052	0.097	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
75	0.040	0.056	0.104	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
80	0.041	0.059	0.111	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
85	0.043	0.063	0.118	0.170	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
90	0.045	0.067	0.125	0.180	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
95	0.047	0.071	0.132	0.190	0.222	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100	0.049	0.075	0.139	0.200	0.247	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
110	0.053	0.082	0.153	0.220	0.271	0.328	-	-	-	-	-	-
120	0.054	0.090	0.166	0.240	0.296	0.358	0.462	-	-	-	-	-
130	0.055	0.098	0.180	0.260	0.321	0.388	0.501	0.628	-	-	-	-
140	0.056	0.115	0.194	0.280	0.345	0.418	0.539	0.677	-	-	-	-
150	0.057	0.123	0.208	0.300	0.370	0.448	0.578	0.725	1.007	-	-	-
160	-	0.130	0.222	0.320	0.395	0.477	0.616	0.773	1.074	1.500	-	-
170	-	0.138	0.236	0.340	0.419	0.507	0.655	0.822	1.141	1.594	-	-
180	-	0.145	0.250	0.360	0.444	0.537	0.694	0.870	1.209	1.688	-	-
190	-	0.153	0.264	0.380	0.469	0.567	0.732	0.918	1.276	1.782	-	-
200	-	0.160	0.277	0.400	0.493	0.597	0.771	0.967	1.343	1.876	2.497	-
210	-	-	0.291	0.420	0.518	0.627	0.809	1.015	1.410	1.969	2.622	-
220	-	-	0.305	0.440	0.543	0.656	0.848	1.063	1.477	1.063	2.747	3.257
230			0.319	0.460	0.567	0.686	0.886	1.112	1.544	2.157	2.872	3.405
240						0.716	0.925	1.160	1.611	2.251	2.996	3.553
250						0.746	0.963	1.209	1.679	2.345	3.121	3.701
260							1.002	1.257	1.746	2.438	3.246	3.849
270							1.040	1.305	1.813	2.532	3.371	3.997
280			-	-	-	-	-	1.354	1.880	2.626	3.496	4.145
290								1.402	1.947	2.720	3.621	4.293
300								1.450	2.014	2.813	3.746	4.441
310								1.499	2.081	2.907	3.870	4.589
320								1.547	2.148	3.001	3.995	4.737
330								1.595	2.216	3.095	4.120	4.885
340								1.644	2.283	3.189	3.245	5.033
350									2.350	3.282	4.370	5.181
360									2.417	3.376	4.495	5.329
370									2.484	3.470	4.619	5.477
380									2.551	3.564	4.744	5.626
390									2.618	3.657	4.869	5.773
400									2.686	3.751	4.994	5.921
410										3.845	5.119	6.069
420											5.244	6.217
430											5.369	5.365
440											5.493	6.513
450												6.661
460												6.809
470												6.957
480												7.105
490												7.253
500												7.402
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750

Continued

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type B stud, version 1, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
45	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
55	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
60	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
65	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
70	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
75	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
80	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
85	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
90	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
95	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
110	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
120	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
130	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
140	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
150	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
160	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
170	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
180	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
190	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
200	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
210	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
220	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
230
240
250	4.168
260	4.334
270	4.501
280	4.668	5.414
290	4.293	5.607
300	5.001	5.800
310	5.168	5.994	6.880
320	5.335	6.187	7.102
330	5.501	6.381	7.324	8.333
340	5.668	6.574	7.546	8.586	9.980	11.710
350	5.835	6.767	7.768	8.839	10.270	12.023	13.351
360	6.002	6.961	7.990	9.091	10.560	12.319	13.686	17.528
370	6.168	7.154	8.212	9.314	10.860	12.625	14.030	17.958
380	6.335	7.347	8.434	9.596	11.150	12.920	14.365	18.398
390	6.507	7.541	8.656	9.849	11.440	13.226	14.699	18.828
400	6.668	7.734	8.878	10.100	11.740	13.522	15.044	19.267
410	6.835	7.927	9.100	10.350	12.030	13.822	15.377	19.695
420	7.002	8.121	9.322	10.600	12.320	14.134	15.713	20.135
430	7.169	8.314	9.544	10.850	12.620	14.429	16.048	20.564
440	7.335	8.507	9.766	11.110	12.910	14.735	16.392	21.004
450	7.502	8.701	9.988	11.360	13.200	15.031	16.727	21.433	26.592
460	7.669	8.894	10.210	11.610	13.500	15.337	17.062	21.872	27.129	32.966
470	7.835	9.087	10.430	11.860	12.790	15.633	17.406	22.312	27.676	33.632	-	-	-	-
480	8.002	9.281	10.650	12.120	14.080	15.938	17.741	22.741	28.222	34.298
490	8.169	9.474	10.870	12.370	14.380	16.244	18.075	23.181	28.768	34.964
500	8.336	9.668	11.090	12.620	14.670	16.540	18.410	23.610	29.305	35.631	43.090	46.805
510	8.502	9.861	11.310	12.870	14.970	16.846	18.755	24.049	29.852	36.296	43.888	47.775
520	8.669	10.050	11.510	13.130	15.260	17.142	19.089	24.479	30.398	36.962	44.686	48.552
530		10.250	11.760	13.380	15.550	17.447	19.424	24.918	30.944	37.628	45.483	49.425
540		10.440	11.980	13.630	15.850	17.743	19.758	25.348	31.491	38.294	46.291	50.298
550		10.630	12.200	13.880	16.140	18.049	20.103	25.787	32.027	38.960	47.089	51.162
560			12.420	14.140	16.430	18.345	20.438	26.216	32.574	39.626	47.877	52.035
570			12.650	14.390	16.730	18.651	20.772	26.656	33.121	40.292	48.685	52.908
580			12.870	14.640	17.020	18.456	21.107	27.065	33.667	40.958	49.492	53.781
590			13.030	14.890	17.310	19.472	21.681	27.525	34.214	41.624	50.290	54.655
600			13.310	15.150	17.610	19.768	22.016	28.214	35.040	42.290	51.108	55.528	70.650	93.370
610				15.400	17.900	20.074	22.351	28.653	35.786	43.276	51.896	56.401	71.748	94.838
620				15.650	18.190	20.380	22.685	29.083	36.133	43.942	51.694	57.275	72.856	96.306
630				15.900	18.490	20.675	22.930	29.522	36.680	44.608	53.491	58.148	74.064	97.974
640				16.160	18.780	20.981	23.364	29.952	37.216	45.271	54.299	59.021	75.07?	99.242
650				16.410	19.070	21.277	23.699	30.391	37.762	45.940	55.097	59.894	76.180	100.710
660					19.370	21.583	24.044	30.820	38.309	46.606	55.895	60.768	77.278	102.178
670					19.660	21.879	24.378	31.260	38.956	47.272	56.703	61.641	78.386	103.646
680					19.960	22.184	24.713	31.699	39.402	47.938	57.500	62.504	79.494	105.144
690					20.250	22.490	25.047	32.129	39.939	48.614	58.298	63.376	80.609	106.582
700					20.540	22.786	25.392	32.568	40.485	49.280	59.096	64.251	81.710	108.050
710								32.997	41.032	49.946	59.984	65.124	82.808	109.518
720								33.437	41.578	50.612	60.792	65.998	83.916	110.796
730								33.866	42.114	51.278	61.589	66.871	85.024	111.464
740								34.306	42.661	51.944	62.387	67.741	86.132	113.932
750								34.735	43.208	52.610	63.195	68.618	86.960	115.400

APPENDIX 3

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type B stud, version 2, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	10	12	16	20	(22)	24	(27)	30	36	42	48	(52)
45	0.021
50	0.023
55	0.025	0.038
60	0.027	0.041
65	0.029	0.043
70	0.031	0.046	0.089
75	0.033	0.019	0.095
80	0.035	0.052	0.100
85	0.037	0.055	0.105	0.170
90	0.039	0.058	0.110	0.178
95	0.041	0.061	0.115	0.186	0.223
100	0.043	0.064	0.121	0.195	0.243
110	0.047	0.070	0.131	0.211	0.263	0.313
120	0.051	0.075	0.141	0.228	0.283	0.336	0.443
130	0.055	0.081	0.152	0.244	0.303	0.360	0.473	0.581
140	0.058	0.086	0.162	0.261	0.323	0.383	0.503	0.629
150	0.062	0.092	0.173	0.277	0.344	0.406	0.533	0.667	1.016
160	-	0.098	0.183	0.294	0.364	0.430	0.562	0.705	1.087	1.543
170	-	0.103	0.193	0.311	0.384	0.453	0.592	0.743	1.143	1.620
180	-	0.109	0.204	0.327	0.404	0.477	0.622	0.781	1.198	1.695
190	-	0.114	0.214	0.344	0.428	0.500	0.652	0.819	1.254	1.772
200	-	0.120	0.225	0.360	0.448	0.524	0.681	0.857	1.309	1.849	2.486
210	-	-	0.235	0.377	0.468	0.547	0.711	0.895	1.365	1.925	2.587
220	-	-	0.245	0.393	0.488	0.570	0.741	0.933	1.420	2.001	2.689	3.243
230	-	-	0.256	0.410	0.508	0.594	0.771	0.970	1.476	2.078	2.780	3.3b4
240	-	-	-	-	-	0.617	0.801	1.008	1.531	2.154	2.891	3.484
250						0.641	0.831	1.038	1.587	2.230	2.992	3.604
260							0.860	1.084	1.642	2.307	3.093	3.725
270							0.890	1.122	1.697	2.383	3.194	3.845
280								1.160	1.753	2.460	3.295	3.966
290								1.198	1.808	2.536	3.396	4.085
300								1.236	1.854	2.612	3.497	4.206
310								1.274	1.909	2.687	3.598	4.326
320								1.312	1.975	2.765	3.699	4.447
330								1.350	2.019	2.841	3.800	4.567
340								1.387	2.086	2.918	3.901	4.688
350								-	2.139	2.993	4.002	4.708
360								-	2.197	3.070	4.104	4.929
370									2.249	3.146	4.206	5.049
380									2.308	3.223	4.305	5.170
390									2.359	3.298	4.406	5.290
400									2.419	3.376	4.508	5.410
410									-	3.451	4.610	5.530
420									-	-	4.710	5.651
430										-	4.811	5.772
440										-	4.912	5.892
450											-	6.012
460												6.133
470												6.253
480												6.373
490												6.493
500												6.614
510												-
520												-
530												-
540												-
550												-
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740

Continued

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type B stud, version 2, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250	4.157	5.420	5.655
260	4.299	5.591	5.848
270	4.441	5.763	6.140
280	4.583	5.934	6.333
290	4.733	6.107	6.525
300	4.867	6.288	6.618
310	5.009	6.450	6.811
320	5.151	6.621	7.005
330	5.293	6.794	7.197	8.196
340	5.435	6.965	7.391	8.418	9.76	11.08
350	5.577	7.138	7.584	8.699	10.02	11.39	12.70
360	5.719	7.309	7.778	8.862	10.29	11.69	13.02	16.72
370	5.861	7.481	7.971	9.083	10.56	12.00	13.37	17.16
380	6.003	7.552	8.165	9.306	10.83	12.30	13.69	17.59
390	6.145	7.825	8.357	9.528	11.09	12.61	14.04	18.03
400	6.287	7.996	8.551	9.749	11.36	12.83	14.36	18.46
410	6.429	8.168	8.744	9.971	11.62	13.22	14.71	18.90
420	6.571	8.339	8.938	10.194	11.89	13.52	15.03	19.33
430	6.713	8.512	9.130	10.416	12.16	13.83	15.38	19.77
440	6.855	8.683	9.324	10.638	12.42	14.13	15.70	20.20
450	6.997	8.856	9.517	10.860	12.69	14.44	16.03	20.64	25.64
460	7.139	9.027	9.711	11.081	12.95	14.74	16.37	21.06	26.18	32.05
470	7.281	9.199	10.097	11.303	13.22	14.97	16.76	21.50	26.73	32.72
480	7.421	9.370	10.290	11.525	13.49	15.35	17.04	21.93	27.27	33.38
490	7.561	9.543	10.484	11.747	13.75	15.56	17.39	22.37	27.82	34.05
500	7.706	9.714	10.677	11.969	14.02	15.96	17.71	22.80	28.36	34.71	41.97	45.53
510	7.848	9.886	10.870	12.190	14.29	16.26	18.05	23.23	28.95	35.37	42.78	46.40
520	7.991	10.057	11.063	12.412	14.55	16.57	18.38	23.67	29.45	36.04	43.58	47.28
530	-	10.230	11.257	12.633	14.82	16.87	18.72	24.10	29.99	36.70	44.39	48.15
540		10.401	11.450	12.866	15.08	17.18	19.05	24.54	30.54	37.37	45.19	49.03
550		10.572	11.643	13.078	15.34	17.48	19.39	24.97	31.08	38.03	46.01	49.91
560		-	11.836	13.300	15.62	17.79	19.72	25.41	31.63	38.70	46.80	50.78
570			12.030	13.521	15.88	18.09	20.06	25.84	32.17	39.36	47.62	51.66
580			12.223	13.743	16.15	18.75	20.39	26.28	32.72	40.03	48.41	52.53
590			12.416	13.964	16.48	19.05	20.81	26.71	33.26	40.69	49.23	53.41
600			12.609	14.187	16.74	19.36	21.14	27.24	33.89	41.36	50.03	54.29	68.96	91.18
610			-	14.409	17.01	19.66	21.48	27.67	34.43	42.12	50.84	55.26	70.07	92.64
620			-	14.631	17.27	19.97	21.87	27.11	34.98	42.79	51.64	56.04	71.19	94.11
630				14.853	17.54	20.27	22.15	28.54	35.52	43.45	52.45	56.91	72.30	95.57
640				14.966	17.81	20.58	22.48	28.98	36.07	44.12	53.25	57.79	73.42	97.04
650				15.188	18.07	20.88	22.82	29.41	36.61	44.78	54.07	58.67	74.54	98.51
660				-	18.34	21.19	23.15	29.85	37.16	45.45	54.86	59.54	75.65	99.97
670				-	18.61	21.49	23.44	30.28	37.70	46.11	55.68	60.42	76.77	101.44
680					18.81	21.80	23.82	30.72	38.25	46.78	56.47	61.29	77.88	102.90
690					19.14	22.10	24.16	31.15	38.79	47.44	57.29	62.17	79.00	104.37
700					19.40	22.41	24.49	31.59	39.34	48.11	58.09	63.05	80.12	105.84
710					-	-	-	32.02	39.88	48.77	58.90	63.92	81.23	107.36
720					-	-	-	32.42	40.42	49.43	59.70	64.80	82.35	108.77
730								32.89	40.97	50.10	60.51	65.67	83.46	110.23
740								33.33	41.52	50.77	61.31	66.55	84.58	111.70
750								33.76	42.06	51.43	62.13	67.43	85.70	113.17

APPENDIX 4

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type C stud, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	30	36	42	48	(52)	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
130	0.488
140	0.518	1.072
150	0.548	1.122
160	0.578	1.172	1.692
170	0.608	1.222	1.762
180	0.638	1.272	1.832
190	0.668	1.322	1.902
200	0.698	1.372	1.972	2.682
210	0.728	1.422	2.042	2.782
220	0.758	1.472	2.112	2.882	3.409
230	0.788	1.522	2.182	2.982	3.529
240	0.818	1.572	2.252	3.082	3.649
250	0.858	1.622	2.322	3.182	3.769	4.261	5.433	6.100
260	0.888	1.672	2.392	3.282	3.889	4.391	5.593	6.270
270	0.918	1.732	2.462	3.382	4.009	4.521	5.753	6.440
280	0.948	1.782	2.532	3.482	4.129	4.651	5.913	6.610
290	0.978	1.832	2.602	3.582	4.249	4.781	6.073	6.780
300	1.008	1.882	2.672	3.682	4.369	4.911	6.233	6.950
310	1.038	1.932	2.762	3.782	4.489	5.041	6.393	7.120
320	1.068	1.982	2.832	3.882	4.609	5.171	6.553	7.290
330	1.098	2.032	2.902	3.982	4.729	5.301	6.713	7.460	8.390
340	1.128	2.082	2.972	4.082	4.849	5.431	6.873	7.630	8.580	10.576	11.188
350	-	2.132	3.042	4.132	4.969	5.561	7.033	7.800	8.770	10.836	11.468	12.778
360	-	2.182	3.112	4.182	5.089	5.691	7.193	7.970	8.960	11.096	11.748	13.078	17.816
370	-	2.232	3.182	4.282	5.209	5.821	7.353	8.140	9.150	11.356	12.028	13.398	18.226
380	-	2.282	3.252	4.382	5.329	5.951	7.513	8.310	9.340	11.616	12.308	13.698	18.636
390	-	2.332	3.322	4.482	5.369	6.081	7.673	8.480	9.530	11.876	12.588	14.018	19.046
400	-	2.382	2.392	4.582	5.449	6.211	7.833	8.650	9.720	12.136	12.868	14.318	19.456
410	-	2.432	2.462	4.682	5.569	6.341	7.993	8.820	9.910	12.396	13.148	14.638	19.866
420	-	-	-	4.782	5.689	6.471	8.153	8.990	10.100	12.656	13.428	14.938	20.276
430				4.882	5.809	6.641	8.313	9.160	10.290	12.916	13.708	15.258	20.686
440				4.982	5.929	6.771	8.473	9.330	10.480	13.176	13.988	15.558	21.096
450					6.049	6.901	8.633	9.500	10.670	13.436	14.268	15.678	21.506	27.669
460					5.169	7.031	8.793	9.670	10.860	13.696	14.548	16.178	21.916	28.189	34.444
470					6.289	7.161	9.003	9840	11.050	13.956	14.828	16.498	22.326	28.709	35.084
480					6.409	7.291	9.163	10.010	11.240	14.216	15.108	16.798	22.736	29.229	35.724
490					6.529	7.421	9.323	10.180	11.430	14.476	15.388	17.118	23.146	29.749	36.364
500					6.649	7.551	9.483	10.350	11.620	14.736	15.668	17.418	23.556	30.269	37.004	42.563	46.123
510						7.681	9.643	10.590	11.810	14.996	15.948	17.738	23.966	30.789	37.644	43.303	46.923
520						7.811	9.803	10.770	12.000	15.256	16.228	18.038	24.376	31.309	38.284	44.043	47.723
530							9.963	10.930	12.190	15.516	16.508	18.358	24.786	31.829	38.924	44.783	48.523
540							10.123	11.110	12.380	15.776	16.788	18.658	25.196	32.349	39.564	45.523	49.323
550							10.283	11.270	12.690	16.036	17.068	18.978	25.606	32.869	40.204	46.263	50.123
560								11.450	12.880	16.296	17.348	19.278	26.016	33.389	40.844	47.003	50.923
570								11.610	13.070	16.556	17.628	19.598	26.426	33.909	41.484	47.743	51.723
580								11.790	13.260	16.816	18.258	19.898	26.836	34.429	42.124	48.483	52.523
590								11.950	13.450	17.136	18.538	20.298	27.246	34.949	42.764	49.223	53.323
600								12.130	13.640	17.396	18.818	20.598	27.656	35.469	43.404	49.963	54.123	71.666	95.825
610									13.830	17.659	19.098	20.918	28.066	36.069	44.044	50.703	54.923	72.706	97.215
620									14.020	17.916	19.378	21.218	28.476	36.589	44.684	51.443	55.723	73.746	98.605
630									14.210	18.176	19.658	21.538	28.886	37.109	45.324	52.183	56.523	74.786	99.995
640									14.400	18.436	19.938	21.838	29.296	37.629	45.964	52.923	57.323	75.826	101.385
650									14.590	18.696	20.218	22.158	29.706	38.149	46.604	53.663	58.123	76.866	102.775
660										18.956	20.498	22.458	30.116	38.669	47.244	54.403	58.923	77.906	104.165
670										19.216	20.778	22.778	30.526	39.189	47.884	55.143	59.723	78.946	105.555
680										19.476	21.058	23.078	30.936	39.709	48.524	55.883	60.523	79.986	106.945
690										19.736	21.338	23.398	31.346	40.229	49.164	56.623	61.323	81.026	108.335
700										19.996	21.618	23.698	31.756	40.749	49.804	57.363	62.123	82.066	109.725
710													32.166	41.269	50.444	58.103	62.923	83.106	111.115
720													32.576	41.789	51.084	58.843	63.723	84.146	112.505
730													32.986	42.309	51.724	59.583	64.523	85.186	113.895
740													33.396	42.829	52.364	60.323	65.323	86.226	115.285
750													33.806	43.349	53.004	61.063	66.123	87.266	116.675

APPENDIX 5

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type D stud, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	30	36	42	48	(52)	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
130	0.41
140	0.44	0.82
150	0.47	0.87
160	0.50	0.92	1.39
170	0.53	0.97	1.46
180	0.56	1.02	1.53
190	0.59	1.07	1.60
200	0.62	1.12	1.67	2.34
210	0.65	1.17	1.74	2.44
220	0.68	1.22	1.81	2.54	2.97
230	0.71	1.27	1.88	2.64	3.09
240	0.74	1.32	1.95	2.74	3.21
250	0.78	1.37	2.02	2.84	3.33	3.79	4.68	5.30
260	0.81	1.42	2.09	2.94	3.45	3.92	4.84	5.47
270	0.84	1.48	2.16	3.04	3.57	4.05	5.00	5.64
280	0.87	1.53	2.23	3.14	3.69	4.18	5.16	5.81
290	0.90	1.58	2.30	3.24	3.81	4.31	5.32	5.98
300	0.93	1.63	2.37	3.34	3.93	4.44	5.48	6.15
310	0.96	1.68	2.46	3.44	4.06	4.57	5.64	6.32
320	0.99	1.73	2.53	3.54	4.17	4.70	5.80	6.49
330	1.02	1.78	2.60	3.64	4.29	4.83	5.96	6.66	7.59
340	1.05	1.83	2.67	3.74	4.41	4.96	6.12	6.83	7.78	9.55	10.24
350		1.88	2.74	3.79	4.53	5.09	6.28	7.00	7.97	9.81	10.52	11.83
360		1.93	2.81	3.84	4.65	5.22	6.44	7.17	8.16	10.07	10.80	12.13	15.83
370		1.98	2.88	3.94	4.77	5.35	6.60	7.34	8.35	10.33	11.08	12.45	16.24
380		2.03	2.95	4.04	4.89	5.48	6.76	7.51	8.54	10.59	11.36	12.75	16.65
390		2.08	3.02	4.14	4.93	5.61	6.92	7.68	8.73	10.85	11.64	13.07	17.06
400		2.13	3.09	4.24	5.01	5.74	7.08	7.85	8.92	11.11	11.92	13.37	17.47
410		2.18	3.16	4.34	5.13	5.87	7.24	8.02	9.11	11.37	12.20	13.69	17.88
420				4.44	5.25	6.00	7.40	8.19	9.30	11.63	12.48	13.99	18.29
430				4.54	5.37	6.17	7.56	8.36	9.49	11.89	12.76	14.31	18.70
440				4.64	5.49	6.30	7.72	8.53	9.68	12.15	13.04	14.61	19.11
450					5.61	6.43	7.88	8.70	9.87	12.41	13.32	14.93	19.52	24.52
460					5.73	6.56	8.04	8.87	10.06	12.67	13.60	15.23	19.92	25.04	30.91
470					5.85	6.69	8.25	9.04	10.25	12.93	13.88	15.55	20.33	25.56	31.55
480					5.97	6.82	8.41	9.21	10.44	13.19	14.16	15.85	20.74	26.08	32.19
490					6.09	6.95	8.57	9.38	10.63	13.45	14.44	16.17	21.15	26.60	32.83
500					6.21	7.08	8.73	9.55	10.82	13.71	14.72	16.47	21.56	27.12	33.47	37.17	41.73
510						7.21	8.89	9.79	11.01	13.97	15.00	16.79	21.97	27.64	34.11	38.91	42.53
520						7.34	9.05	9.97	11.20	14.23	15.28	17.09	22.38	28.16	34.75	39.63	43.33
530							9.21	10.13	11.39	14.49	15.56	17.41	22.79	28.68	35.39	40.37	44.13
540							9.37	10.31	11.58	14.75	15.84	17.71	23.20	29.20	36.03	41.09	44.93
550							9.53	10.47	11.89	15.01	16.12	18.03	23.61	29.72	36.67	41.83	45.73
560								10.65	12.08	15.27	16.40	18.33	24.02	30.24	37.31	42.55	46.53
570								10.81	12.27	15.53	16.68	18.65	24.43	30.76	37.95	43.29	47.33
580								10.99	12.46	15.79	17.31	18.95	24.84	31.28	38.59	44.01	48.13
590								11.15	12.65	16.11	17.59	19.35	25.25	31.80	39.23	44.75	48.93
600								11.33	12.84	16.37	17.87	19.65	25.75	32.40	39.87	45.47	49.73	64.40	86.02
610									13.03	16.63	18.15	19.97	26.16	32.92	40.61	46.21	50.53	65.44	88.01
620									13.22	16.89	18.43	20.27	26.57	33.44	41.25	46.93	51.33	66.48	89.40
630									13.41	17.15	18.71	20.59	26.98	33.96	41.89	47.67	52.13	67.52	90.79
640									13.60	17.41	18.99	20.89	27.39	34.48	42.53	48.39	52.93	68.56	92.18
650									13.79	17.67	19.27	21.21	27.80	35.00	43.17	49.13	53.73	69.60	93.57
660										17.93	19.55	21.51	28.21	35.52	43.81	49.85	54.53	70.64	94.96
670										18.19	19.83	21.83	28.62	36.04	44.45	50.59	55.33	71.68	96.35
680										18.45	20.11	2.13	29.03	36.56	45.09	51.31	56.13	72.72	97.74
690										18.71	20.39	22.45	29.44	31.08	45.73	52.05	56.93	73.76	99.13
700										18.97	20.67	22.75	29.85	37.60	46.37	52.77	57.73	74.80	100.52
710													30.26	38.12	47.01	53.51	58.53	75.84	101.91
720													30.67	38.64	47.65	54.23	59.33	76.88	103.30
730													31.08	39.16	48.29	54.97	60.13	77.92	104.69
740													31.49	39.68	48.93	55.69	60.93	78.92	106.08
750													31.90	40.20	49.57	56.43	61.73	80.00	107.47

APPENDIX 6

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type E stud, version 1, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	30	36	42	48	(52)	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
130	0.45										/td>
140	0.48	0.89
150	0.51	0.94
160	0.54	0.99	1.42
170	0.57	1.04	1.49
180	0.60	1.09	1.56
190	0.63	1.14	1.63
200	0.66	1.19	1.70	2.23
210	0.69	1.24	1.77	2.33
220	0.72	1.29	1.84	2.43	2.78
230	0.75	1.34	1.91	2.53	2.90
240	0.78	1.39	1.98	2.63	3.02
250	0.82	1.44	2.05	2.73	3.14	3.88	4.69	5.45
260	0.85	1.49	2.12	2.83	3.26	4.01	4.85	5.62
270	0.88	1.51	2.19	2.93	3.38	4.14	5.01	5.79
280	0.91	1.56	2.26	3.03	3.50	4.27	5.17	5.96
290	0.94	1.61	2.33	3.13	3.62	4.40	5.33	6.13
300	0.97	1.66	2.40	3.23	3.74	4.53	5.49	6.30
310	1.00	1.71	2.53	3.33	3.86	4.66	5.65	6.47
320	1.03	1.76	2.60	3.43	3.98	4.79	5.81	6.64
330	1.06	1.81	2.67	3.53	4.10	4.92	5.97	6.81
340	1.09	1.86	2.74	3.63	4.22	5.05	6.13	6.98	7.77	9.67	10.33
350		1.91	2.81	3.95	4.34	5.18	6.29	7.15	7.96	9.93	10.61	11.66
360		1.96	2.88	4.05	4.46	5.31	6.45	7.32	8.15	10.19	10.89	11.96	15.63
370		2.01	2.95	4.15	4.58	5.44	6.61	7.49	8.34	10.45	11.17	12.27	16.04
380		2.06	3.02	4.25	4.70	5.57	6.77	7.66	8.53	10.71	11.45	12.58	16.45
390		2.11	3.09	4.35	5.10	5.70	6.93	7.83	8.72	10.97	11.73	12.89	16.86
400		2.16	3.16	4.45	5.22	5.83	7.09	8.00	8.91	11.23	12.01	13.20	17.27
410		2.21	3.23	4.55	5.34	5.96	7.25	8.17	9.10	11.49	12.29	13.51	17.68
420				4.65	5.46	6.09	7.41	8.34	9.29	11.75	12.57	13.82	18.09
430				4.75	5.58	6.31	7.57	8.51	9.48	12.01	12.85	14.13	18.50
440				4.85	5.70	6.44	7.73	8.68	9.67	12.27	13.13	14.44	18.91
450					5.82	6.57	7.89	8.85	9.86	12.53	13.41	14.75	19.32	24.56
460					5.94	6.70	8.05	9.02	10.05	12.79	13.69	15.06	19.73	25.08	29.96
470					6.06	6.83	8.30	9.19	10.24	13.05	13.97	15.37	20.14	25.60	30.60
480					6.18	6.96	8.46	9.36	10.43	13.31	14.25	15.68	20.55	26.12	31.24
490					6.30	7.09	8.62	9.53	10.62	13.57	14.53	15.99	30.96	26.54	31.88
500					6.42	7.22	8.78	9.70	10.81	13.83	14.71	16.30	21.37	27.16	32.52	38.10	41.75
510						7.35	8.94	10.02	11.00	14.09	15.09	16.61	21.78	27.68	33.16	38.82	42.55
520						7.48	9.10	10.19	11.19	14.35	15.37	16.92	22.19	28.20	33.80	39.54	43.35
530							9.26	10.36	11.38	14.61	15.65	17.23	22.60	28.72	34.44	40.26	44.15
540							9.42	10.53	11.57	14.87	15.93	17.54	23.01	29.24	35.08	40.98	44.95
550							9.58	10.70	11.76	15.13	16.21	17.85	23.42	29.76	35.72	41.70	45.75
560								10.87	12.19	15.39	16.49	18.16	23.83	30.28	36.36	42.42	46.55
570								11.04	12.38	15.65	16.77	18.57	24.24	30.80	37.00	43.14	47.35
580								11.21	12.57	15.91	17.05	18.78	24.65	31.32	37.64	43.86	48.15
590								11.38	12.76	16.27	17.45	19.22	25.06	31.84	38.28	44.58	48.95
600								11.55	12.95	16.53	17.73	19.53	25.59	32.52	38.92	45.30	49.75	64.32	86.16
610									13.14	16.79	18.01	19.84	26.00	33.04	39.56	46.02	50.55	65.35	87.54
620									13.33	17.05	18.29	20.15	26.41	33.56	40.30	46.74	51.35	66.38	88.92
630									13.52	17.31	18.57	20.46	26.82	34.08	41.00	47.46	52.15	67.41	90.30
640									13.71	17.57	18.85	20.77	27.23	34.60	41.64	48.18	52.95	68.44	91.68
650									13.90	17.83	19.13	21.08	27.64	35.12	42.28	48.90	53.75	69.47	93.06
660									14.09	18.09	19.41	21.39	28.05	35.64	42.92	49.62	54.55	70.50	94.44
670										18.35	19.69	21.70	28.46	36.16	43.56	50.34	55.35	71.53	95.82
680										18.61	19.97	22.01	28.87	36.68	44.20	51.06	56.15	72.56	97.20
690										18.87	20.25	22.32	29.28	37.20	44.84	51.78	56.95	73.59	98.58
700										19.13	20.53	22.65	29.69	37.72	45.48	52.50	57.75	74.62	99.96
710													30.10	38.24	46.76	59.22	58.55	75.65	101.34
720													30.51	38.76	47.40	53.94	59.35	76.68	102.72
730													30.92	39.28	48.04	54.66	60.15	77.71	104.10
740													31.33	39.80	48.68	55.38	60.95	78.74	105.48
750													31.74	40.32	49.32	56.10	61.75	79.77	106.86

APPENDIX 7

For reference

Stud length L, mm	Theoretical mass of type E stud, version 2, kg ≈, at nominal thread diameter d, mm
	30	36	42	48	(52)	56	(60)	64	(68)	72	(76)	80	90	100	110	(120)	125	140	160
130	0.41
140	0.44	0.82
150	0.47	0.87
160	0.50	0.92	1.39
170	0.53	0.97	1.46
180	0.56	1.02	1.53
190	0.62	1.07	1.60
200	0.65	1.12	1.67	2.34
210	0.68	1.17	1.74	2.44
220	0.71	1.22	1.81	2.54	2.97
230	0.74	1.27	1.88	2.64	3.09
240	0.78	1.32	1.95	2.74	3.21
250	0.81	1.37	2.02	2.84	3.33	3.79	4.68	5.30
260	0.84	1.42	2.09	2.94	3.45	3.92	4.84	5.47
270	0.87	1.48	2.16	3.04	3.57	4.05	5.00	5.64
280	0.90	1.53	2.23	3.14	3.69	4.18	5.16	5.81
290	0.93	1.58	2.30	3.24	3.81	4.31	5.32	5.98
300	0.96	1.63	2.37	3.34	3.93	4.44	5.48	6.15
310	0.99	1.68	2.46	3.44	4.05	4.57	5.64	6.32
320	1.02	1.73	2.53	3.54	4.17	4.70	5.80	6.49
330	1.05	1.78	2.60	3.64	4.29	4.83	5.96	6.66	7.59
340		1.83	2.67	3.74	4.41	4.96	6.12	6.83	7.78	9.55	10.24
350		1.88	2.74	3.79	4.53	5.09	6.28	7.00	7.97	9.81	10.52	11.83
360		1.93	2.81	3.84	4.65	5.22	6.44	7.17	8.16	10.07	10.80	12.13	15.83
370		1.98	2.88	3.94	4.77	5.35	6.60	7.34	8.35	10.33	11.08	12.45	16.24
380		2.03	2.95	4.04	4.89	5.48	6.76	7.51	8.54	10.59	11.36	12.75	16.65
390		2.08	3.02	4.14	4.93	5.61	6.92	7.68	8.73	10.85	11.64	13.07	17.06
400		2.13	3.09	4.24	5.01	5.74	7.08	7.85	8.92	11.11	11.92	13.37	17.47
410		2.18	3.16	4.34	5.13	5.87	7.24	8.02	9.11	11.37	12.20	13.69	17.88
420				4.44	5.25	6.00	7.40	8.19	9.30	11.63	12.48	13.99	18.29
430				4.54	5.37	6.17	7.56	8.36	9.49	11.89	12.76	14.31	18.70
440				4.65	5.49	6.30	7.72	8.53	9.68	12.15	13.04	14.61	19.11
450					5.61	6.43	7.88	8.70	9.87	12.41	13.32	14.93	19.52	24.52
460					5.73	6.56	8.04	8.87	10.06	12.67	13.60	15.23	19.92	25.04	30.91
470					5.85	6.69	8.25	9.04	10.25	12.93	13.88	15.55	20.33	25.56	31.55
480					5.97	6.82	8.41	9.21	10.44	13.19	14.16	15.85	20.74	26.08	32.19
490					6.09	6.95	8.57	9.38	10.63	13.45	14.44	16.17	21.15	26.60	32.83
500					6.21	7.08	8.73	9.55	10.82	13.71	14.72	16.47	21.56	27.12	33.47	38.17	41.73
510						7.21	8.89	9.79	11.01	13.97	15.00	16.79	21.97	27.64	34.11	38.91	42.53
520						7.34	9.05	9.97	11.20	14.23	15.28	17.09	22.68	28.16	34.75	39.63	43.33
530							9.21	10.13	11.39	14.49	15.56	17.41	22.79	28.68	35.39	40.37	44.13
540							9.37	10.31	11.58	14.75	15.84	17.71	23.20	29.20	36.03	41.09	44.93
550							9.53	10.47	11.89	15.01	16.12	18.03	23.61	29.72	36.67	41.83	45.73
560								10.65	12.08	15.27	16.40	18.33	24.02	30.24	37.31	42.55	46.53
570								10.81	12.27	15.53	16.68	18.65	24.43	30.76	37.95	43.29	47.33
580								10.99	12.46	15.79	17.31	18.95	24.84	31.28	38.59	44.01	48.13
590								11.15	12.65	16.11	17.59	19.35	25.25	31.80	39.23	44.75	48.93
600								11.33	12.84	16.37	17.87	19.65	25.75	32.40	39.87	45.47	49.73	64.40	86.62
610									13.03	16.63	18.15	19.97	26.16	32.92	40.61	46.21	50.53	65.44	88.01
620									13.22	16.89	18.43	20.27	26.57	33.44	41.25	46.93	51.33	66.48	89.40
630									13.41	17.15	18.71	20.59	26.98	33.96	41.89	47.67	52.13	67.52	90.79
640									13.60	17.41	18.99	20.89	27.39	34.48	42.53	48.39	52.93	68.56	92.18
650									13.79	17.67	19.27	21.21	27.80	35.00	43.17	49.13	53.73	69.60	93.57
660										17.93	19.55	21.51	28.21	35.52	43.81	49.85	54.53	70.64	94.96
670										18.19	19.83	21.83	28.62	36.04	44.45	50.59	55.33	71.68	96.35
680										18.45	20.11	22.13	29.03	36.56	45.09	51.31	56.13	72.71	97.74
690										18.71	20.39	22.45	29.44	37.08	45.73	52.05	56.93	73.76	99.13
700										18.97	20.67	22.75	29.85	37.60	46.37	52.77	57.73	74.80	100.52
710													30.26	38.12	47.01	53.51	58.53	75.84	101.91
720													30.67	38.64	47.65	54.23	59.33	76.88	103.30
730													31.08	39.16	48.29	54.97	60.13	77.92	104.69
740													31.49	39.68	48.93	55.69	60.93	78.96	106.08
750													31.90	40.20	49.57	56.43	61.73	80.00	107.47