GOST 18160-72 Fasteners. Packing. Marking. Transportation and Storage

GOST 18160-72 establishes requirements for corrosion protection and packing of bolts, screws, studs, nuts, rivets, washers, wood screws, pins, cotter pins and other fasteners, as well as rules for marking consumer and transport packaging.

The standard does not apply to the packing of fasteners included in spare-parts kits. The standard fully complies with ST SEV 2650-80.

FastenersPacking. Marking. Transportation and storageFasteners. Packing. Marking. Transportation and storage	GOST 18160-72* (ST SEV 2650-80)Supersedes GOST 1471-54, in terms of packing and marking
By Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Standards of the Council of Ministers dated October 9, 1972, No. 1853, the effective date was established
	from 01.07.73
Reviewed in 1986. By Resolution of Gosstandart dated 19.12.86, No. 4080, the validity period was extended
	until 01.01.97

1. Packing

Fasteners are protected against corrosion and packed in consumer and transport packaging that protects them from moisture, dust and mechanical damage during transportation and storage.

Fasteners made of steel without protective coatings are subjected to temporary corrosion protection before packing. Combined with the packaging, it ensures protection from corrosion during transportation and storage under condition 5 of GOST 15150-69 for 0.5 year or, at the customer’s request, for 1 year from the date of manufacture. At the customer’s request, the fasteners may be exempted from temporary corrosion protection.

Fasteners made of stainless steel or non-ferrous alloys, as well as fasteners with metallic protective coatings, with an oxide film or non-removable scale, are not subjected to temporary corrosion protection; consumer packaging may be omitted for their packing. At the customer’s request, such fasteners are subjected to temporary corrosion protection and packed in consumer packaging.

Certain types of fasteners may be exempted from temporary corrosion protection and transported without packaging in accordance with the requirements of the standards for those products.

The following means of temporary corrosion protection are used to protect fasteners made of steel without protective coatings:

• anti-corrosion paper per GOST 16295-82;
• sodium nitrite per GOST 19906-74 (aqueous and thickened solutions);
• working oils with the addition of preservation oils;
• preservation oils: NG-203 grades A, B per OST 38.01436-87; K-17 per GOST 10877-76; ZhKB*; ZhKB*-1;
• industrial oils I-20A ÷ I-50A per GOST 20799-88 with oil-soluble inhibitors: AKOR-1 per GOST 15171-78 at a concentration of 15–25%; MSDA-1* at a concentration of 1–3%; KP per GOST 23639-79 at a concentration of 15–20%; SIM* at a concentration of 3–5%.

*According to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation (RTD).

When using preservation oils, working oils with the addition of preservation oils, or industrial oils with inhibitors to protect fasteners for 0.5 year, the fasteners may be packed in transport packaging without consumer packaging.

To protect fasteners for 1 year, preservation oils or industrial oils with inhibitors are used, and the fasteners are packed in consumer and transport packaging.

The choice of corrosion protection means is at the discretion of the manufacturing plant.

De-preservation methods — per GOST 9.014-78.

The following types of packaging are used for packing fasteners.

Transport packaging:

• corrugated cardboard crates — per GOST 9142-90;
• plastic crates*;
• plywood crates — per GOST 5959-80;
• tight wooden board crates — per GOST 18617-83, GOST 15841-88, GOST 16536-90, GOST 15623-84;
• wooden crates*;
• metal crates*;
• specialized containers*.

For the needs of the national economy, the following may be used as transport packaging: metal drums*; metal box pallets*.

Combined types of packaging (made of different materials) may be used.

Consumer packaging:

• paper bags — per GOST 13502-86;
• polymer film bags — per GOST 12302-83;
• cardboard cartons — per GOST 12301-81;
• plastic cartons*.

The types of packaging, depending on the unit weight of the fasteners, shall comply with those specified in Table 1.

Fasteners packed in transport packaging (except for metal box pallets) are formed into transport packages per RTD using flat pallets per GOST 9078-84 and GOST 9557-87. The main parameters and dimensions of packages are per GOST 24597-81. Means of securing packaged unit cargo in transport packages are per GOST 21650-76.

*According to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation.

Table 1

Type of packaging	Unit weight of fasteners, kg
	up to 0.15	over 0.15 to 0.70	over 0.70
Paper bags	+	-	-
Polymer film bags	+	-	-
Plastic cartons	+	+	-
Cardboard cartons	+	+	-
Cardboard crates	+	+	-
Plastic crates	+	+	-
Wooden crates	+	+	+
Metal crates and drums	+	+	+
Metal box pallets and containers	+	+	+

When transport packaging is used without consumer packaging, the walls of the transport packaging are lined with auxiliary packing materials:

• paraffined paper — per GOST 9569-79;
• packing paper — per GOST 8828-89;
• bituminized paper — per GOST 515-77;
• polymer film — per GOST 10354-82.

The walls of the transport packaging may be left unlined with auxiliary packing materials, provided reliable protection of the fasteners against corrosion and environmental influence during transportation and storage for 0.5 year is ensured.

Each package shall contain fasteners of a single designation.

Bolts or studs of a single size, assembled with nuts and washers, may be packed together in one container; the number of unassembled bolts and studs shall not exceed 3%.

To make full use of the volume of a crate, box pallet or container, fasteners of different designations, pre-packed in consumer packaging, may be transported together in them.

Packing of fasteners for transportation to the Far North regions and hard-to-reach areas is per GOST 15846-79; for sea transportation, according to the relevant rules.

The gross weight of each package shall not exceed:

• in bags and cartons — 8 kg;
• in cardboard and plastic crates — 30 kg;
• in wooden crates — 80 kg (for the needs of the national economy — 2150 kg);
• in metal crates — 80 kg;
• in metal drums — 270 kg;
• in box pallets — 1120 kg;
• in specialized containers — 3000 kg.

To make full use of the container volume, a gross weight exceeding 80 kg is permitted when packing in metal crates.

The deviation from the net weight of the package shall not exceed 1%.

2. Marking

Transport and consumer packaging containing the products and box pallets must be marked. Labels are used for marking. Other marking methods (stamps, tags and stencils) are permitted.

The marking must be located on the outer side of the packaging and be visible during storage. When packed in transparent material, the label may be placed inside the packaging so that it is visible from outside. The marking must be durable and legible.

The marking content includes the following data:

• trademark, or the name and trademark of the manufacturing enterprise;
• designation of the fastener;
• net weight, kg, or quantity of products, pcs.

On the marking of transport packaging and box pallets containing fasteners of different designations, indicate the net weight, kg, or quantity of products, pcs, for each type of fastener.

The colors of labels and inscriptions used for marking consumer and transport packaging and box pallets must correspond to those specified in Table 2.

Table 2

Material type	Property class		Color
	bolts, screws and studs	nuts	label	inscriptions
Steel	3.6	-	Yellow	Red
	4.6 and 4.8	4	White	Black
	5.6 and 5.8	5	Green	Black
	6.8	6	White	Green
	8.8	8	Red	Black
	10.9	10	Blue	Black
	12.9	12	Yellow	Blue
Brass	-	-	Yellow	Black
Aluminium alloys	-	-	Grey	Black
Stainless steel	-	-	White	Red
Bronze	-		Green	Red

Notes:

1. For other fasteners, a white label color and black inscription color are permitted.
2. Color marking using two colored stripes on a white label with a black inscription is permitted. The stripe colors must correspond to those specified in Table 2.

Label sizes are selected per GOST 9327-60 depending on the packaging dimensions, but not less than 74×35 mm. For consumer packaging, labels of not less than 37×35 mm are permitted.

For fasteners awarded the State Quality Mark, an image of the State Quality Mark is applied on the quality document, on the labels, on the packaging (transport and consumer) and on the box pallets.

Transport marking — per GOST 14192-77.

3. Transportation and storage

Fasteners are transported by all modes of transport, in covered transport vehicles, in accordance with the cargo transportation rules applicable to the given mode of transport.

When transporting fasteners in small shipments, they are packed in solid board boxes.

Storage of fasteners — per condition 5 of GOST 15150-69.