GOST 18123-82 Washers. General Specifications

State Standard of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

GOST 18123-82

(ST SEV 219-87)

State Committee of the USSR for Standards

Washers. General specifications	GOST 18123-82* [ST SEV 219-87] Supersedes GOST 18123-72

The validity period was established by Resolution No. 2256 of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated June 2, 1982 — from 01.01.84 to 01.01.89.

This standard applies to washers: flat round washers per GOST 6958-78; GOST 9649-78; GOST 10450-78; GOST 11371-78, square bevel washers per GOST 10906-78, and lock washers per GOST 11872-80; GOST 13463-77; GOST 13464-77; GOST 13465-77; GOST 13466-77 of product grades A and C.

This standard fully complies with ST SEV 219-75.

1. Technical requirements

1.1. Washers shall be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and the standards for specific types of washers.

1.2. The designation structure for washers is given in the mandatory appendix.

1.3. Material grades and their designations shall conform to those specified in Table 1. By agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, washers may be made from a material not specified in Table 1.

Table 1

Material
Type	Grade	Standard designation	Grade (group) designation
Carbon steels	08, 08kp 10, 10kp	GOST 1050-71	01
	St3 St3kp	GOST 380-71	02
	15	GOST 1050-74	03
	20		04
	35		05
	45		06
Alloy steels	40Kh×30KhGSA	GOST 4543-71	11
Corrosion-resistant steels	12X18h20T	GOST 5632-72	21
	20×13		22
Brasses	L63 LS59-1	GOST 15527-70	32
	L63 non-magnetic		33
Bronze	BrAMts9-2	GOST 18175-78	34
Copper	M3	GOST 859-78	38
Aluminium alloys	AMg5	GOST 4764-74	31
	D1		35
	AD1		37

1.4. Washers are manufactured with or without coatings. Coating types, their designations, and thickness are per GOST 1759-70. Other types of coatings per GOST 9.306-85 are permitted.

1.5. Technical requirements for coatings are per GOST 9.301-86.

1.6. Washer surfaces shall be free from cracks, cavities, tears, sharp edges, burrs, and rust.

Scratches, dents, flattened burrs, and metal tear-outs on the cylindrical surface are permitted, as well as surface defects established by the technical requirements for the raw material.

1.7. The Ra roughness parameter of the bearing surfaces for product grade A shall not exceed 3.2 µm.

1.8. Tolerance fields and limit deviations of dimensions, and form and position tolerances of washer surfaces shall conform to those specified in Table 2.

The perpendicularity tolerance of cylindrical surfaces relative to the bearing surfaces of flat round washers over 3 mm thick shall not exceed 6° for product grade C and 3° for product grade A; for square bevel washers — not more than 5°.

1.9. At the customer’s request, washers shall be manufactured heat-treated.

1.10. The tabs of lock washers shall not break or crack when bent and unbent twice through an angle of 90°.

1.11. Temporary corrosion protection, packaging, and container marking are per GOST 18160-72.

Table 2

mm

Dimension name and tolerance type	Tolerance fields and limit deviations of dimensions, and form and position tolerances of washer surfaces, by product grade
	A		C
Hole	H13 H14 for s >- 4 Washers for rollers - H11 Lock washers - H12		H14 H15 for s > 4
	s	s₁ min	-
	Up to 4.0	0.5 snom
	Over 4.0	0.3 snom
Outer diameter	h24 h25 for s > 4		h26
Chamfer*	α from 30 to 45° lmin = 0.25 s lmax = 0.50 s		-

• A fillet with a radius equal to e is permitted instead of a chamfer.

2. Acceptance rules

2.1. Washer acceptance rules are per GOST 17769-83.

When accepting washers, the main geometric parameters shall be considered to be: hole diameter, outer diameter, thickness, and concentricity.

3. Test methods

3.1. The appearance of washers is checked visually. A magnifying glass with 3× magnification may be used.

3.2. Coating quality inspection — according to GOST 9.302-79.

3.3. Surface roughness is checked by comparison with roughness specimens per GOST 9378-75 or by instruments.

3.4. Washer dimensions are checked with limit gauges, templates, or general-purpose measuring instruments.

3.5. Deviation from perpendicularity of the washer’s cylindrical surfaces relative to the bearing surfaces is checked with templates or general-purpose measuring instruments.

3.6. Deviations from parallelism and flatness are checked with a feeler gauge, measuring the gap between parallel plates in contact with the bearing surfaces of the washers, under a force not exceeding 20 N (2 kgf).

The flatness deviation of washers may be checked with general-purpose measuring instruments.

The parallelism deviation of stamped washers need not be checked.

3.7. The concentricity deviation of the hole diameter relative to the outer diameter is determined from the difference between dimensions K and K₁ (see drawing), measured with general-purpose measuring instruments.

3.8. For the toughness test, the lock washer is clamped in a vice, and the tabs are bent and unbent twice through an angle of 90°.

Appendix (mandatory)

Designation structure for washers

1 — version. Version 1 is not indicated; 2 — thread diameter of the fastener; 3 — thickness. Indicated for washers with a thickness not provided for in the standards for specific types of washers; 4 — designation of the material grade (group); 5 — material grade. Indicated for groups 01, 02, 11, 32 and for a material not provided for in this standard. In design documentation, the material grade for groups 01, 02, 11, 32 may be omitted; 6 — designation of the coating type. The absence of a coating is not indicated; 7 — coating thickness. For a multilayer coating, the total thickness of all components is indicated. The designation of a coating not provided for in this standard is per GOST 9.306-85; 8 — designation of the standard for the specific type of washer.

If the standard for a specific type of washer provides for two product grades, A and C, for a single version, the corresponding letter shall be indicated in the washer’s designation before the version.

Examples of designations:

Washer, version 1, for a fastener with a thread diameter of 12 mm, with a thickness specified in the standard, made of steel grade 15, with a zinc coating 9 µm thick, chromated:

Washer 12.03.019 GOST…

same, made of steel grade St3kp:

Washer 12.02.St3kp.019 GOST…

same, version 2, thickness 4 mm, not provided for in the standard for the specific type of washer, made of steel grade 08Kh18N12T, with a titanium coating not provided for in this standard:

Washer 2.12×4.08Kh18N12T.Ti9 GOST…